Hayal g\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 zorlayan ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00e7ok satan ikinci kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131 Tolkien\u2019in T\u00fcrk mitolojisinden beslendi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen ‘Orta D\u00fcnyan\u0131n Analizi\u2019 kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131 \u0130lkay Ayd\u0131n, “B\u00fcy\u00fck oranda T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnden faydalanm\u0131\u015f. En \u00f6nemli karakterleri olu\u015ftururken, T\u00fcrk mitlerini hikayenin merkezine yerle\u015ftirmi\u015f” dedi.<\/p>\n
\u0130ngiliz dilbilimci J. R. R. Tolkien\u2019in d\u00fcnyada sat\u0131\u015f listelerini alt \u00fcst eden kitaplar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk mitolojisinden beslendi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen \u0130lkay Ayd\u0131n’\u0131n bu konuyu detayl\u0131 olarak i\u015fledi\u011fi ‘Orta D\u00fcnyan\u0131n Analizi\u2019 adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Sinemaya aktar\u0131lan, say\u0131s\u0131z \u00f6d\u00fcl alan ve milyonlarca ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan izlenen Y\u00fcz\u00fcklerin Efendisi (The Lord Of The Rings) ile ilgili tespit ve karakter analizinin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitap, T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn di\u011fer k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerle olan derin ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 da ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
K\u0130TABI HAZIRLAMAK 1 BU\u00c7UK YIL ALDI<\/p>\n
As\u0131l mesle\u011fi harita m\u00fchendisi olan \u0130lkay Ayd\u0131n’\u0131n T\u00fcrk tarihi ve mitolojisi \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda Tolkien\u2019in Y\u00fcz\u00fcklerin Efendisi’ni yazarken T\u00fcrk mitolojisinden beslendi\u011fini g\u00f6rerek bu durum hakk\u0131nda daha detayl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapt\u0131. Yeni kitab\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgiler veren Ayd\u0131n, “Ekstrembilgi.com adresinde bir web sitem var. Kitap fikri web sitemin sayesinde oldu. Hem T\u00fcrk tarihi \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek hem de web siteme i\u00e7erik sa\u011flayabilmek i\u00e7in bir T\u00fcrk mitolojisi s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc okumaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131mda fark ettim benzerlikleri. Sonras\u0131nda 4-5 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc alan bir yaz\u0131 haz\u0131rlad\u0131m. \u0130nsanlardan olumlu tepkiler almak cesaret verdi ve kitab\u0131 yazmaya karar verdim. Sonras\u0131nda ne kadar zorlu bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya talip oldu\u011fumu fark etmeme ra\u011fmen t\u00fcm \u00f6nemli karakterleri de\u015fifre edece\u011fimden emindim. 1,5 y\u0131ll\u0131k yo\u011fun bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonunda kitab\u0131m\u0131 tamamlad\u0131m” dedi.<\/p>\n
\u00a0“Herkesin ba\u015fta kabul etmesi gereken \u015fey T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ve tarihinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc” diyen Ayd\u0131n, “Her \u015fey T\u00fcrkleri i\u00e7eriyorsa s\u00f6ylemekten \u00e7ekinmem. Ancak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamda tarafs\u0131z ve bilimsel bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131m var. Emin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m hi\u00e7bir yerde T\u00fcrklerle bir ba\u011f kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131m. Tolkien’in neyi nereden alm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fi konusunda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm. Tespit etti\u011fim karakterlerin Y\u00fcz\u00fcklerin Efendisi’ndeki karakterlerle ortak \u00f6zelliklerini maddeler halinde s\u0131ralay\u0131nca ortaya kitab\u0131m \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00d6ncelikle Y\u00fcz\u00fcklerin Efendisi’ni bilmeyen ve mitoloji ile ilgili olmayan okurlar i\u00e7in temel bilgiler vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Sonras\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli karakterlerin ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 incelemesi kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Y\u00fcz\u00fcklerin Efendisi’ndeki karakteri tan\u0131t\u0131yorum. Mitolojide e\u015fle\u015ftirdi\u011fim karakteri tan\u0131t\u0131yorum. Sonras\u0131nda iki karakter ortak \u00f6zelliklerini s\u0131ral\u0131yorum. Bunun haricinde Orta D\u00fcnya haritas\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek yerini izah eden b\u00f6l\u00fcm, mekanlar ile ilgili \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme ve karakterler haricindeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmamda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ek bilgiler, motifler, ve olaylar\u0131 k\u0131saca de\u011ferlendiren genel notlar b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle tamaml\u0131yoruz” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u2018ORC’LAR T\u00dcRK’T\u00dcR \u0130DD\u0130ASI<\/p>\n
Orc’lar\u0131n T\u00fcrk olmas\u0131 iddias\u0131yla ilgili \u00e7ok say\u0131da soru ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktaran Ayd\u0131n, “San\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131n bu t\u00fcr spek\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 i\u00e7erdi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmelerinden kaynaklan\u0131yor. Bu konu Tolkien’in mektuplar\u0131nda ge\u00e7er. Orc\u2019lar\u0131 tan\u0131mlarken \u201cK\u0131sa boylu, geni\u015f v\u00fccutlu, yass\u0131 burunlu, soluk benizli, geni\u015f a\u011f\u0131zl\u0131 ve \u00e7ekik g\u00f6zl\u00fc -Avrupal\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fcyle- Mo\u011follar\u0131n daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ve daha sevimsiz versiyonlar\u0131d\u0131r\u201d \u015feklinde bir ifadesi var. Bir di\u011fer konu ise Orhun kelimesinin \u0130ngilizce yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u2018Orkhon\u2019 olmas\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131. Sonraki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131nda \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan ediyor. Ben de Tolkien’in \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Tolkien, kahramanlar\u0131na, mekanlar\u0131na, \u00f6\u011felere isim ararken d\u00fcnya mitolojilerinden faydalanm\u0131\u015f. Numenor krallar\u0131na ad verirken O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan’\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n isimlerinden faydalanm\u0131\u015f. Rohan Kral\u0131 Theoden’in defin t\u00f6reni T\u00fcrklerdeki \u2018yu\u011f t\u00f6reni\u2019dir. Kitab\u0131mda da detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde izah etti\u011fim gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnden faydalanm\u0131\u015f. En \u00f6nemli karakterleri olu\u015ftururken, T\u00fcrk mitlerini hikayenin merkezine yerle\u015ftirmi\u015f. Irk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k veya d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k bunun neresinde? Asl\u0131nda Tolkien de bir te\u015fekk\u00fcr\u00fc hak ediyor. Sa\u011f olsun bana t\u00fcm mitolojileri okuttu. S\u00fcmer mitolojisi ile ilgili baz\u0131 detaylarda \u0130lmiye Hocan\u0131n de\u011ferli katk\u0131s\u0131 oldu. Say\u0131n Osman Karatay hocam\u0131n ise Elf ve Alp kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren de\u011ferli makalesi i\u015fimi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Kendisini her f\u0131rsatta rahats\u0131z ettim. Tak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131m baz\u0131 konular\u0131 dan\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Bazen tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri kendisine okutup bir nebze de olsa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131n teyidini yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m” \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Ayd\u0131n kitab\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc:<\/p>\n
“\u0130lk \u00f6nce Tolkien’in olu\u015fturdu\u011fu hiyerar\u015fiyi alg\u0131lamak ve ka\u011f\u0131da kaleme d\u00f6kmekle ba\u015flad\u0131m. Hikayede Tanr\u0131 Eru evreni yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kendisine arkada\u015fl\u0131k etsin diye de Valar ve Maiar’\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Burada Tanr\u0131-Tanr\u0131 Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131-Rahip veya Tanr\u0131-Tanr\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131-Kam veya b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fc \u015feklinde bir olu\u015fum \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu olu\u015fumu t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya mitolojileri ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak gerekiyordu. Elemeyi yapt\u0131ktan sonra her \u015fey \u00e7orap s\u00f6k\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi geldi.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Bizzat \u2018Orta D\u00fcnya\u2019 kelimesi bu destanlarda ge\u00e7iyor. Orta D\u00fcnya kelimesinin \u0130skandinav mitlerinden al\u0131nt\u0131 oldu\u011fu konusunda genel bir kan\u0131 var. \u0130skandinav dillerinde ge\u00e7en mid-gard \u2018Orta Bah\u00e7e\u2019 veya \u2018Orta Yer\u2019 anlam\u0131na gelse bile \u2018Orta D\u00fcnya\u2019 demek de\u011fildir. Siz olsan\u0131z halihaz\u0131rda T\u00fcrk mitolojisindeki \u2018Orta D\u00fcnya\u2019 kelimesini mi kullan\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z yoksa mid-gard’\u0131 esnetip \u2018Orta D\u00fcnya\u2019 manas\u0131nda m\u0131 kullan\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z? Asl\u0131nda bu benzerlik \u0130skandinavlar ve T\u00fcrkler aras\u0131ndaki k\u00fclt\u00fcrel etkile\u015fimi de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan ayr\u0131 bir \u00f6nemi var.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
“GANDALF’IN B\u0130R D\u0130\u011eER ADI DA \u2018GR\u0130 HACI\u2019DIR”<\/p>\n
Ark\u0131l ve Irk\u0131l Hoca y\u00fcce bir \u015faman. \u015eamanlar\u0131n atas\u0131 kabul edilir. O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan destan\u0131nda ge\u00e7er. Ayn\u0131 zamanda O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan’\u0131n o\u011flu G\u00fcn-Han’\u0131n veziri, ya\u015fl\u0131 bilge dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 olarak ge\u00e7er. Bu \u00f6zellikleri ve Aragorn-Gandalf ili\u015fkisi sebebiyle benzetilebilir. Gandalf’\u0131n bir di\u011fer ad\u0131 da \u2018Gri hac\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. Ancak kitab\u0131mda bahsetti\u011fim gibi Gandalf’e Irk\u0131l hoca demek ara\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131 eksik kabul etmek demektir. Gandalf’\u0131n kim oldu\u011funu b\u00f6l\u00fcmdeki metnin tamam\u0131n\u0131 okuyanlar anlayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00a0Tolkien’in her bir \u00f6\u011feyi bir yerlerden esinlenerek olu\u015fturdu\u011fu fikri zihnimde yer edince, \u201cneden Orta D\u00fcnya haritas\u0131 da ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya haritas\u0131nda olmas\u0131n?\u201d diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm. D\u00fcnya haritas\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6lge b\u00f6lge taray\u0131p Orta D\u00fcnya\u2019daki yer \u015fekillerini e\u015fle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Bulmam \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcrmedi. Ancak Orta D\u00fcnya haritas\u0131n\u0131 tam olarak tespit etmek i\u00e7in 17 noktay\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131m. Yorucu bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayd\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
K\u0130TAP T\u00dcM D\u00dcNYADA OKUNAB\u0130L\u0130YOR<\/p>\n
\u0130ngilizce terc\u00fcmesi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bask\u0131s\u0131yla e\u015f zamanl\u0131 tamamland\u0131. \u015eimdilik\u00a0amazon.com<\/a>‘da yay\u0131nlan\u0131yor. Kindle okurlar\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinden eri\u015filebilir durumda. \u0130ngilizce ve di\u011fer dillere \u00e7evrilip bas\u0131l\u0131 halde yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ile ilgili \u0130ngiltere’de \u00e7ok uluslu bir yay\u0131nevi ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015febilirim. \u00d6ncelikli olarak T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bask\u0131s\u0131nda istenilen noktaya gelmesini bekliyorum. Kitab\u0131m\u0131n yay\u0131n tarihi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in ad\u0131m atman\u0131n erken oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. 2. bask\u0131da kitab\u0131 geni\u015fletme ihtimalim sebebiyle de biraz bekliyorum.<\/p>\n Ben \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131 yaparken Julius Ceasar’\u0131n Gallia Sava\u015f\u0131 isimli kitab\u0131ndan tutun George Macdonald’\u0131n \u2018Princess and Goblin\u2019ine kadar okumak durumunda kald\u0131m. Tolkien’in \u00f6zellikle \u00fcnl\u00fc Rus T\u00fcrkolog Vasiliy Radloff’un eserlerinin tamam\u0131n\u0131 okudu\u011funa eminim. Tolkien’in neleri okudu\u011funu \u015f\u00f6yle hayal etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131mda kendisinin orta \u00e7a\u011f masal ve efsanelerini sevdi\u011fini, Fin diline olan ilgisi sebebiyle bir \u015famanik destan olan Kalevala’y\u0131 okumas\u0131ndan sonra Orta Asya’y\u0131 derinlemesine incelemeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin ediyorum. Sonras\u0131nda bu kadar bilgiyi nas\u0131l kullan\u0131r\u0131m noktas\u0131nda Y\u00fcz\u00fcklerin Efendisi’nin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Hayal g\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 zorlayan ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00e7ok satan ikinci kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131 Tolkien\u2019in T\u00fcrk mitolojisinden beslendi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen ‘Orta D\u00fcnyan\u0131n Analizi\u2019 kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131 \u0130lkay Ayd\u0131n, “B\u00fcy\u00fck oranda T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnden faydalanm\u0131\u015f. En … Devam\u0131n\u0131 Oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1431"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1431"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1431\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}