\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck krizlerden biri olan iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, T\u00fcrkiye de dahil t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn kendini daha da hissettiriyor. Uzmanlar, d\u00fcnyada canl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye atabilecek b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte bir iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bu y\u00fczy\u0131l sonunda 1,5 santigrat dereceyi (\u00b0C) a\u015fmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurguluyor.
\n\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm arayan Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) H\u00fck\u00fcmetleraras\u0131 \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Paneli (IPCC) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu\u2019nun son raporuna g\u00f6re ise \u2018durum acil ve 2030\u2019a kadar emisyonlar\u0131 en az yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya azaltmak i\u00e7in t\u00fcm sekt\u00f6rlerin \u00f6n\u00fcnde f\u0131rsat\u2019 var. IPCC \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu III E\u015f Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Jim Skea, \u201cK\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 1,5\u00b0C ile s\u0131n\u0131rlamak istiyorsak bunu \u015fimdi yapabiliriz ya da asla yapamay\u0131z. T\u00fcm sekt\u00f6rlerde acil ve derin emisyon azalt\u0131mlar\u0131 olmadan bu hedefe ula\u015fmak imkans\u0131z\u201d dedi. \u201c\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, bir as\u0131rdan fazla s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclemez enerji ve arazi kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, ya\u015fam tarzlar\u0131n\u0131n ve t\u00fcketim ve \u00fcretim kal\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n sonucudur\u201d diyen Skea\u2019ya g\u00f6re bu rapor, \u201c\u015fimdi harekete ge\u00e7menin, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha adil ve daha s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir d\u00fcnyaya nas\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131yabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.”
\nIPCC\u2019nin III. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu\u2019nun (\u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi 2022: \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin Azalt\u0131lmas\u0131) raporu iklime diren\u00e7li kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in var olan f\u0131rsat penceresinin h\u0131zla darald\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda uyar\u0131da bulunan IPCC \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu II\u2019nin (Uyum) k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 destekliyor. 1,5\u00b0C hedefine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k karbondioksit (CO2) emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 2030\u2019a kadar y\u00fczde 48 azaltmas\u0131 ve 2050\u2019de net s\u0131f\u0131ra ula\u015fmas\u0131, metan emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 2030\u2019a kadar \u00fc\u00e7te bir oran\u0131nda azaltmas\u0131 ve 2050\u2019ye kadar neredeyse yar\u0131ya indirmesi gerekiyor.
\nIPCC raporu, n\u00fckleer enerjinin \u00f6nemini bir kez daha g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sererken, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in aralar\u0131nda n\u00fckleer enerjinin de bulundu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n tercih edilmesi, \u201ciklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadelenin re\u00e7etesi\u201d olarak g\u00f6steriliyor. Raporda, mevcut ve halihaz\u0131rda planlanan fosil yak\u0131t projelerinin iklimin kald\u0131rabilece\u011finden daha fazla oldu\u011fu belirtilerek, daha fazla projenin daha fazla emisyona neden olaca\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor.
\nN\u00fckleer enerji ve acil eylemler
\nD\u00fcnya N\u00fckleer Birli\u011fi (WNA) Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Dr. Sama Bilbao-y-Leon, son IPCC’nin raporunun, n\u00fckleer enerjinin \u015fimdi ve uzun vadede iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol\u00fc bulundu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koydu\u011funu belirtti. Sama Bilbao-y-Leon, n\u00fckleer enerjinin sundu\u011fu katk\u0131n\u0131n en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken acil eylemleri ise \u015f\u00f6yle aktard\u0131: \u201cMevcut n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6rlerin, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini azaltma potansiyeli en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131. Mevcut reakt\u00f6rlerin i\u015fletimini geni\u015fletmek, daha fazla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu elektrik \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in halihaz\u0131rdaki en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli se\u00e7eneklerden biridir. Finansmana eri\u015fim sa\u011flayarak ve lisanslama ve d\u00fczenleme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini modernize ederek yeni n\u00fckleer santrallerin kurulumuna ivme kazand\u0131rmak i\u00e7in acilen ad\u0131m at\u0131lmal\u0131. Bu yeni santraller uzun vadeli s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir gelecek i\u00e7in temiz, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli ve g\u00fcvenilir bir elektrik kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Daha y\u00fcksek aral\u0131kl\u0131 \u00fcretim paylar\u0131 ile gelece\u011fin elektrik sistemlerinin g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alabilecek, sanayi sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn karbondan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta \u0131s\u0131 sa\u011flayabilecek, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu merkezi \u0131s\u0131tma ve temiz hidrojen \u00fcretimi sa\u011flayacak yeni n\u00fckleer teknolojilerin geli\u015ftirilmesine yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lmal\u0131.\u201d
\nEnerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde on y\u0131l i\u00e7inde emisyonlar azalt\u0131labilir
\nRaporda, on y\u0131lda karbon emisyonunun azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki \u00e7abalar\u0131 en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131karman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra uzun vadede derin karbonsuzla\u015fma hedeflerine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7 duyulacak ad\u0131mlar\u0131 belirlemenin \u00f6nemi vurguland\u0131. IPCC raporuna g\u00f6re, “enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde emisyonlar\u0131 azaltma se\u00e7eneklerinin yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik geni\u015f tabanl\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki on y\u0131l i\u00e7inde emisyonlar\u0131 azaltabilir ve 2030 sonras\u0131nda daha da derin azalmalar i\u00e7in zemin haz\u0131rlayabilir.”
\nRaporda ayr\u0131ca \u201cyenilenebilir kaynaklar, n\u00fckleer enerji ve karbon yakalama ve depolama (CCS) y\u00f6ntemi ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu hale getirilen biyoenerji gibi fosil yak\u0131t kaynaklar\u0131\u201dna ge\u00e7i\u015f yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda elektri\u011fin daha yayg\u0131n bir enerji ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 haline gelmesinin beklendi\u011fi belirtildi.
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadele
\nEnerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc iklim krizine neden olan fosil yak\u0131tlardan kar\u015f\u0131layan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n pay\u0131 2021\u2019de artarak y\u00fczde 64\u2019\u00fc ge\u00e7ti. G\u00fcne\u015f, r\u00fczg\u00e2r gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbon emisyonuna sahip yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n da artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkede, 2053 \u201cNet S\u0131f\u0131r Emisyon\u201d hedefi do\u011frultusunda ye\u015fil d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ilk n\u00fckleer santrali Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali (NGS) ise iklim krizi ile m\u00fccadelede \u00f6nemli kilometre ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Rosatom taraf\u0131ndan Mersin\u2019de in\u015fa edilen Akkuyu, her biri 1200 megavatl\u0131k VVER-1200 tipi III + nesil Rus tasar\u0131m\u0131na sahip 4 reakt\u00f6rden olu\u015facak. Toplam 4 bin 800 megavat kurulu g\u00fcce sahip olacak santralin, tam kapasite devreye girdi\u011finde y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 35 milyar kilovatsaat elektrik \u00fcretmesi ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin elektrik talebinin y\u00fczde 10’unu kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Akkuyu NGS\u2019nin faaliyete ge\u00e7ti\u011finde tek ba\u015f\u0131na y\u0131lda 17 milyon ton karbondioksit emisyonunu \u00f6nleyece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. S\u0131f\u0131r emisyonla, \u00e7evreye zararl\u0131 sera gaz\u0131 sal\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmadan, kesintisiz elektrik \u00fcretilebilecek santralin 60 y\u0131l olarak planlanan i\u015fletme \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn 20 y\u0131l daha uzat\u0131lma imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulunuyor. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck krizlerden biri olan iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, T\u00fcrkiye de dahil t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn kendini daha da hissettiriyor. Uzmanlar, d\u00fcnyada canl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye atabilecek b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte bir iklim … Devam\u0131n\u0131 Oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":17899,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3,11],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17898"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17898"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17898\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17900,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17898\/revisions\/17900"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/17899"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17898"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17898"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}