Evrende en fazla bulunan ancak yakalanmas\u0131 zor par\u00e7ac\u0131klar olan n\u00f6trinolar, evrenin s\u0131r perdesinin aralanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutuyor. Temel par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n en gizemlisi olan, bu nedenle \u201chayalet par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u201d da denen n\u00f6trinolar, evrenin her yerinde bulunuyor. Yok denecek kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u00fctleye, \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131na yak\u0131n bir h\u0131za sahip olmalar\u0131 ve elektrik y\u00fck\u00fc bar\u0131nd\u0131rmamalar\u0131 nedeniyle benzersiz \u00f6zelliklere sahip n\u00f6trinolar, hen\u00fcz proton ve n\u00f6tron bile yokken evrende bulunduklar\u0131ndan onlar\u0131 anlamak, evrenin de gizeminin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilmesi anlam\u0131na geliyor.
\nK\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce, Mersin\u2019de in\u015fa edilen Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali\u2019nin (NGS) Rusya’daki referans santrali olan Novovoronej NGS\u2019de bir n\u00f6trino ara\u015ft\u0131rma tesisinin kurulaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin haber, fizik camias\u0131nda heyecan yaratt\u0131. Yak\u0131n gelecekte, n\u00f6trino ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra beta, gama ve n\u00f6tron arka planlar\u0131n\u0131 da izleyecek olan tesise son derece hassas detekt\u00f6rler kurulacak. Proje, n\u00fckleer santrallerin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131rarak, bir n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn faaliyetinin uzaktan izlenmesinin yan\u0131nda \u00f6nemli ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 da sa\u011flayacak.
\nAnkara \u00dcniversitesi N\u00fckleer Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Haluk Y\u00fccel, konuya ili\u015fkin de\u011ferlendirmesinde, n\u00f6trino detekt\u00f6rlerinin evrenin i\u015fleyi\u015finin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtirken, Ege \u00dcniversitesi Fen Fak\u00fcltesi Fizik B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc N\u00fckleer Fizik Anabilim Dal\u0131 \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Do\u00e7. Dr. Bahad\u0131r Sayg\u0131 ise n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n pek \u00e7ok soruya cevap bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.
\n\u201cEvren daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lacak\u201d
\nSayg\u0131, \u201cN\u00f6trino par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 ile ilgili olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f, \u00e7e\u015fitli ve s\u00fcrekli geli\u015fen alanlar kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. N\u00f6trinolara ili\u015fkin deneysel ve teorik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar k\u0131saca a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sorular\u0131 cevaplamaya y\u00f6neliktir. Farkl\u0131 n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n k\u00fctleleri nedir? N\u00f6trinolar Big Bang kozmolojisini nas\u0131l etkiler? N\u00f6trinolar sal\u0131n\u0131m hareketi yapar m\u0131? N\u00f6trinolar uzay ve madde i\u00e7erisinden ge\u00e7erken karakter de\u011fi\u015ftirir mi? N\u00f6trinolar, kar\u015f\u0131t-n\u00f6trinolardan temelde farkl\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r? Y\u0131ld\u0131zlar \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcp s\u00fcpernova olu\u015ftururken, n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n kozmolojideki rol\u00fc nedir? Bu sorulara verilecek cevaplar ile i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z evren daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r\u201d dedi.
\nN\u00f6trinolar\u0131 saptayabilmek i\u00e7in hacmen \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck ve olduk\u00e7a hassas detekt\u00f6rler gerekti\u011fini belirten Sayg\u0131, \u201cAlfa, beta gibi y\u00fckl\u00fc par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n havada gidebilecekleri mesafeler s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc havadaki molek\u00fcller ya da i\u00e7lerinden ge\u00e7tikleri maddeler ile temas etme olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksektir. Bu nedenle bu par\u00e7ac\u0131klar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyutlu detekt\u00f6rler yard\u0131m\u0131 ile tespit edilebilir. N\u00f6trinolar ise herhangi bir madde ile etkile\u015fmeden \u00e7ok uzun yollar kat edebilirler. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck etkile\u015fme olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 da n\u00f6trinolar\u0131 tespit etme \u015fans\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 oluk\u00e7a azaltmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle n\u00f6trinolar\u0131 tespit etmede kullan\u0131lan detekt\u00f6r geometrisi etkile\u015fim \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlara ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.
\nG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6rlerinde g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcretiminin fisyon reaksiyonlar\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, fisyon reaksiyonlar\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ekirdeklerin beta bozunumu yaparak daha kararl\u0131 hale geldi\u011fini belirten Sayg\u0131 \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u201cBu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda da ortaya elektronlara ait anti n\u00f6trinolar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu n\u00f6trinolar sistemden enerji \u00e7ekmelerine ra\u011fmen di\u011fer yandan radyoaktif de\u011fildirler. Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile buradan \u00e7\u0131kan n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n herhangi bir g\u00fcvenlik tehdidi olu\u015fturdu\u011fundan bahsedilemez.\u201d
\n\u201cAkkuyu\u2019nun bir bilim merkezi olma yolunda potansiyeli de olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek\u201d
\nN\u00f6trinolar\u0131n ba\u015flarda k\u00fctlesiz oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrken, atmosferden ve g\u00fcne\u015ften gelen n\u00f6trinolar \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerde n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n k\u00fctleye sahip olduklar\u0131 ve farkl\u0131 k\u00fctle de\u011ferleri aras\u0131nda sal\u0131n\u0131m yapt\u0131klar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sal\u0131n\u0131m \u201ctheta13\u201d adl\u0131 bir parametre ile tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu parametre yard\u0131m\u0131 ile n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n nas\u0131l kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve farkl\u0131 n\u00f6trinolar\u0131n birbiri ile nas\u0131l ili\u015fkili olduklar\u0131 nicel olarak betimlenebildi\u011fini anlatan Sayg\u0131, \u201cN\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6r temelli n\u00f6trino deneylerinde i\u015fte bu theta13 niceli\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilmektedir. Bu niceli\u011fe benzer ba\u015fka parametrelerin ke\u015ffi, evrenin gizemini anlamam\u0131z noktas\u0131nda yolumuza \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutacakt\u0131r. Bu tarz hassas \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler yapmak \u00f6rne\u011fin evrende neden kar\u015f\u0131t madde yerine maddenin bask\u0131n geldi\u011fi gibi bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 me\u015fgul eden sorulara cevap bulmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Akkuyu n\u00fckleer tesisinin bu noktada a\u011f\u0131r sanayide at\u0131l\u0131mlar yapan T\u00fcrk Devletinin enerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layaca\u011f\u0131 gibi ayn\u0131 zamanda bilimsel sorulara cevap bulabilece\u011fimiz bir bilim merkezi olma yolunda potansiyeli de olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksektir\u201d dedi.
\nN\u00f6trinolar\u0131n temel par\u00e7ac\u0131klardan biri oldu\u011funu ve bunlar\u0131n i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n hen\u00fcz tamamen ke\u015ffedilmedi\u011fini belirten Sayg\u0131 \u015funlar\u0131 ifade etti: \u201cN\u00f6trinolar\u0131 incelemek olduk\u00e7a zordur. Sadece yer \u00e7ekimi ve zay\u0131f n\u00fckleer etkile\u015fimlere tepki vermektedirler. Zay\u0131f n\u00fckleer etkile\u015fimlerin de etkile\u015fim mesafeleri olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fctlelerin i\u00e7erisinden olduk\u00e7a rahat bir \u015fekilde ge\u00e7ip gitmektedirler.\u201d
\n\u00d6te yandan Ankara \u00dcniversitesi N\u00fckleer Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Y\u00fccel Akkuyu NGS\u2019nin faaliyete ge\u00e7mesinin ard\u0131ndan \u00e7evresine kurulacak detekt\u00f6rler sayesinde temel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar i\u00e7in yeni nesillerin ufkunun a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131.
\n\u201cN\u00f6trino fizi\u011fine deneysel giri\u015f yapm\u0131\u015f oluruz\u201d
\nProf. Dr. Haluk Y\u00fccel, Akkuyu\u2019da 4 reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn bulundu\u011funu belirterek, \u201cReakt\u00f6rler faaliyete ge\u00e7tikten sonra Akkuyu\u2019nun \u00e7evresine kurulacak detekt\u00f6rler sayesinde n\u00f6trinolarla ilgili incelemeler yap\u0131labilir. Bu sayede T\u00fcrkiye olarak n\u00f6trino fizi\u011fine giri\u015f yapm\u0131\u015f oluruz\u201d dedi.
\nAvrupa N\u00fckleer Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi Cern’de n\u00f6trinolarla ilgili deneysel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatan Y\u00fccel, T\u00fcrklerin de n\u00f6trino tesislerinde, yerinde incelemeler yapabileceklerine ve bunun gelecek nesiller i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck faydalar sunaca\u011f\u0131na dikkati \u00e7ekti.
\n\u201cN\u00f6trinolar, reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn g\u00fcvenlik ve emniyet kurallar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar\u201d
\nY\u00fccel ayr\u0131ca, uzaktan n\u00f6trino \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n bir reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f g\u00fcvenlik ve emniyet kurallar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Prof. Dr. Y\u00fccel, s\u00f6z konusu detekt\u00f6rlerin, n\u00fckleer enerjinin bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 garanti alt\u0131na alacak teknolojik bir geli\u015fme olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve n\u00fckleer emniyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Evrende en fazla bulunan ancak yakalanmas\u0131 zor par\u00e7ac\u0131klar olan n\u00f6trinolar, evrenin s\u0131r perdesinin aralanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutuyor. Temel par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n en gizemlisi olan, bu nedenle \u201chayalet par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u201d da denen n\u00f6trinolar, … Devam\u0131n\u0131 Oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19531,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2,3,11],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19530"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19530"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19530\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19532,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19530\/revisions\/19532"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19531"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19530"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19530"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19530"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}