Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali (NGS) ile 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk n\u00fckleer elektri\u011fini \u00fcretmeye haz\u0131rlanan T\u00fcrkiye, enerjide n\u00fckleerin pay\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilmek i\u00e7in ata\u011fa kalkt\u0131. Akkuyu NGS\u2019ye ek olarak en az 20 gigavatl\u0131k elektri\u011fin daha n\u00fckleerden elde edilmesinin hedeflendi\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen N\u00fckleer Enerji Y\u00fcksek M\u00fchendisi Korcan Kayr\u0131n, \u2018K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Mod\u00fcler Reakt\u00f6rler\u2019in (SMR) gelecekte enerji karmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli yeri olaca\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n
Kayr\u0131n, b\u00fcy\u00fck n\u00fckleer santral projelerinin yan\u0131nda pratikli\u011fi ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetiyle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan SMR\u2019lerin k\u00fcresel n\u00fckleer pazarda da h\u0131zla yerini alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydederek, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye olarak n\u00fckleer sekt\u00f6re ge\u00e7 giri\u015f yapt\u0131k ancak yeni projelerle cumhuriyetin ikinci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131nda bu a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 kapataca\u011f\u0131z. Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rakamlara g\u00f6re 20 gigavatl\u0131k n\u00fckleer kapasiteye ula\u015fma hedefimiz var. Bunun 5 gigavat\u0131n\u0131n da SMR\u2019lerden elde edilmesi planlan\u0131yor. D\u00fcnyada da n\u00fckleere ilgi yeniden canland\u0131. \u00d6zellikle SMR\u2019ler T\u00fcrkiye dahil \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00fclkede g\u00fcndemde. N\u00fckleer Enerji Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (NEA) tahminleri k\u00fcresel SMR pazar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcyerek 2035 y\u0131l\u0131nda 21 gigawatt’a kadar ula\u015fabilece\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. Bu tahminlere g\u00f6re in\u015faat h\u0131z\u0131 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar y\u0131lda 75 gigawatt’a ula\u015f\u0131rsa \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 30 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde 375 gigawatt’a kadar kurulu kapasite in\u015fa edilmi\u015f olacak. Bizim n\u00fckleer kapasitemizin artmas\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck santral projeleri ve SMR\u2019ler konusunda att\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ad\u0131mlar bu a\u00e7\u0131dan da \u00e7ok anlaml\u0131. Yeni y\u00fczy\u0131lda n\u00fckleer d\u00fcnyada da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de ba\u015frolde olacak\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
\u201c2030\u2019da T\u00fcrkiye de SMR kullanan \u00fclkeler aras\u0131na kat\u0131lacakt\u0131r\u201d
\nSMR\u2019lerin d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda bu denli ilgi g\u00f6rmesinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck nedenlerinden birinin in\u015faat ve i\u015fletme maliyetlerinin azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirten Korcan Kayr\u0131n, \u201cEnerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkenin ulusal g\u00fcvenlik ve istikrar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir endi\u015fe kayna\u011f\u0131. SMR’ler, enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmek ve enerji arz\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir se\u00e7enek olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilirler. Enerjiye eri\u015fimi zor olan uzak veya izole b\u00f6lgelerde elektrik \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in cazip bir se\u00e7enek olan bu tesislerin kapasiteleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olsa da \u00fcretimleri, ta\u015f\u0131nmalar\u0131 ve montaj\u0131 olduk\u00e7a kolay. Bu da ciddi bir avantaj olarak SMR teknolojisini \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. Son olarak COP28\u2019de d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda enerjide n\u00fckleerin pay\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkenin ayn\u0131 fikirde oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Hem b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 n\u00fckleer santrallerin hem de SMR\u2019ler\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131na a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k verilmesinin avantajlar\u0131 ve SMR\u2019ler\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli ulusal kalk\u0131nma hedeflerine nas\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getirebilece\u011fi \u00fclkelerin temsilcileri taraf\u0131ndan orada da masaya yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de bu konu \u00f6zellikle Ulusal Enerji Plan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yenilenmesi ve enerjide gelecek hedeflerinin ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi sonras\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k kazand\u0131. 2030 y\u0131l\u0131 civar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de SMR teknolojisini kullanan \u00fclkeler aras\u0131na kat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum\u201d diye konu\u015ftu. <\/p>\n
80\u2019den fazla SMR konsepti bulunuyor
\nKayr\u0131n \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti: \u201cBu tesisler reakt\u00f6r \u00e7ekirde\u011fi, so\u011futma sistemleri ve di\u011fer bile\u015fenleri daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, ta\u015f\u0131nabilir mod\u00fcller halinde in\u015fa ediliyorlar ve enerji \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in t\u0131pk\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck n\u00fckleer santraller gibi n\u00fckleer fisyondan yararlan\u0131yorlar. SMR\u2019ler geleneksel n\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7 reakt\u00f6rlerinin \u00fcretim kapasitesinin yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7te biri kadar, birim ba\u015f\u0131na 300 megavata kadar g\u00fc\u00e7 kapasitesine sahip geli\u015fmi\u015f n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6rler olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor. SMR’lerin temiz enerjiye ge\u00e7i\u015fte \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6r olma potansiyelleri hakk\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fmalar artarken, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok h\u00fck\u00fcmet enerji politikalar\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak SMR’lerin geli\u015ftirilmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olma s\u00f6z\u00fc veriyor. Yeni SMR tasar\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi, yeni fikirler \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan temel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalardan, geli\u015ftirilen tasar\u0131mlar\u0131n ticari olarak uygulanmas\u0131 ve i\u015fletilmesine kadar devam etmektedir. D\u00fcnya genelinde 80’den fazla SMR konsepti ve tasar\u0131m\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131n gelecekte kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi s\u00f6ylenirken, \u00e7o\u011fu hala \u00e7e\u015fitli geli\u015ftirme a\u015famalar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yerle\u015fik ve geli\u015fmekte olan bir\u00e7ok n\u00fckleer enerji \u00fclkesi SMR’ler \u00fczerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve geli\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir ve \u015fu anda Arjantin, \u00c7in ve Rusya’da ileri in\u015faat a\u015famalar\u0131nda d\u00f6rt SMR bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle, Rusya halihaz\u0131rda SMR ile donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f y\u00fczer n\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7 santralini hayata ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir ve kara tabanl\u0131 SMR\u2019ler in\u015fa etmektedir. Rusya Devlet N\u00fckleer Enerji Kurulu\u015fu Rosatom taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen Akademik Lomonosov, y\u00fczer SMR\u2019nin tek \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak n\u00fckleer enerji teknolojisinin yeni ve esnek uygulama alanlar\u0131ndan birini temsil etmektedir. Rusya\u2019n\u0131n uzak kuzey b\u00f6lgelerine ye\u015fil enerji sa\u011flayan ve 2020\u2019de y\u0131l\u0131n n\u00fckleer santrali se\u00e7ilen Akademik Lomonosov, 4 y\u0131ld\u0131r faaliyettedir. Bir di\u011fer \u00f6rnek ise Rosatom taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en zor co\u011frafyalar\u0131ndan biri olan Yakutistan\u2019da in\u015fa edilen kara tabanl\u0131 SMR\u2019d\u0131r. Bu SMR, en son n\u00fckleer enerjili buzk\u0131ran filosuna g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan RITM-200 serisinden uyarlanan su so\u011futmal\u0131 RITM-200N reakt\u00f6r\u00fcne dayanmaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu SMR, Sibirya\u2019n\u0131n \u00fccra b\u00f6lgelerindeki madenlere elektrik sa\u011flamas\u0131 ve kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 enerjinin temiz ve hassas Arktik ekosistemleri i\u00e7in zarars\u0131z olmas\u0131n\u0131 garanti etmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem te\u015fkil etmektedir. Polonya \u0130klim ve \u00c7evre Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy’nin BWRX-300 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck mod\u00fcler reakt\u00f6r\u00fcne (SMR) dayal\u0131 enerji santrallerinin alt\u0131 noktada in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in prensip kararlar\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Sahalarda toplam 24 adet BWRX-300 reakt\u00f6r\u00fc planlanmaktad\u0131r. Eskiyen fosil yak\u0131tl\u0131 enerji santrallerinin yerini alma ve daha geni\u015f bir t\u00fcketici ve uygulama yelpazesi i\u00e7in esnek enerji \u00fcretimi talebini kar\u015f\u0131lama kapasitesi nedeniyle, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli veya mod\u00fcler reakt\u00f6rler d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda giderek daha pop\u00fcler hale gelmi\u015ftir. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri, \u0130ngiltere, G\u00fcney Kore gibi \u00fclkeler de farkl\u0131 SMR \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri geli\u015ftiriyor. T\u00fcrkiye gibi baz\u0131 \u00fclkeler de n\u00fckleer enerjiyi daha yayg\u0131n hale getirmek veya enerji ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in SMR’ler gibi yeni n\u00fckleer teknolojilere ilgi g\u00f6steriyorlar. \u00dclkemizin enerji politikalar\u0131 ve \u00e7evresel hedefleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, SMR teknolojisi gibi daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve mod\u00fcler n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6rlerin gelecekte T\u00fcrkiye’nin enerji portf\u00f6y\u00fcnde yer almas\u0131na kesin g\u00f6z\u00fcyle bak\u0131l\u0131yor.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cSMR\u2019ler sayesinde n\u00fckleer enerji yayg\u0131nla\u015facak\u201d
\nSMR\u2019lerin dar alanda, y\u00fcksek verimlilikte bir enerji \u00fcretiminin \u00fclke ekonomisine b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Kayr\u0131n, \u201cSadece elektrik \u00fcretimi de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda geli\u015fen n\u00fckleer teknoloji de farkl\u0131 sekt\u00f6rlerde bir\u00e7ok kap\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131yor. Bu teknolojiye sahip olmak bir\u00e7ok alanda \u00fcst d\u00fczey standart yakalamak anlam\u0131na geliyor. T\u0131pk\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck n\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7 santralleri gibi karbon sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131 yapmayan SMR\u2019ler yeterli iletim hatt\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar i\u00e7in en uygun enerji santralleri olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. SMR\u2019ler sayesinde gelece\u011fin enerjisi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen n\u00fckleer enerjinin d\u00fcnyada \u00e7ok daha yayg\u0131n bir hale gelece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rmek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn\u201d ifadelerini kulland\u0131. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali (NGS) ile 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk n\u00fckleer elektri\u011fini \u00fcretmeye haz\u0131rlanan T\u00fcrkiye, enerjide n\u00fckleerin pay\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilmek i\u00e7in ata\u011fa kalkt\u0131. Akkuyu NGS\u2019ye ek olarak en az 20 gigavatl\u0131k elektri\u011fin … Devam\u0131n\u0131 Oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":29460,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7,2,3,11],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29459"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29459"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29459\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29461,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29459\/revisions\/29461"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/29460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29459"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29459"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolaygazetesi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29459"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}